The hot air oven principle is based on dry heat sterilization, ensuring uniform heating through convection. This process is widely used in laboratories, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications for sterilizing glassware, metals, and powders. Unlike moist heat sterilization, it prevents rusting and is ideal for moisture-sensitive materials. The hot air oven principle operates at temperatures ranging from 50°C to 250°C, eliminating microbes effectively. It is essential for maintaining hygiene and quality standards across various industries. Understanding this working mechanism helps in selecting the right equipment for sterilization needs.